Environmental impact of batteries
People are more and more families with the batteries. The average person owns about two button batteries, ten normal (A, AA, AAA, C, D, 9V, etc.), batteries, and throws about eight household batteries per year. About three billion batteries sold in the United States each year on average approximately 32 per family or ten per person. A battery is an electrochemical device with the ability to convert chemical energy into electricity to power electronicDevices. Batteries contain heavy metals such as mercury, lead, cadmium and nickel, which can pollute the environment if the batteries are disposed of improperly. If incinerated, certain metals can be released into the air or concentrated in the ash produced by combustion.
The batteries, the following potential problems or hazards:
bullet pollute lakes and streams as the metals vaporize into the atmosphere during combustion.
bullet contribution toThe heavy metals that can potentially leach from landfills.
bullet Expose the environment and lead to water and acidity.
bullet contain strong corrosive acids.
bullet may cause burns or danger to eyes and skin.
In landfills, heavy metals have the potential to leach slowly into soil, groundwater or surface. The dry cell batteries contribute about 88 per cent of the total mercury and 50 percent of cadmium in municipal solid waste stream. InPast made batteries for almost half of the mercury in the United States and more than half of mercury and cadmium in municipal solid waste stream is used. If it is burned, some heavy metals such as mercury will evaporate and escape into the air, and cadmium and lead may end up in ashes.
Hazards of household batteries
Dispute is catching on household batteries. Currently, most batteries are obtained through the collection of household hazardous wasteLandfills. Department stores and chains, recovery programs have been established to admit that often ends up in the trash. There are no recycling plants known in the U.S., that can recover almost all types of batteries and cost budget, although there are facilities to recover some button batteries. collection programs usually target and nickel-cadmium batteries, but all household batteries because of the difficulty of collecting consumers in determiningTypes of batteries.
This may change now that California is a "dry cell" recharge your batteries for recycling.
Regulations
Many states have regulations requiring some form of battery recycling. California mandates recycling for most of the batteries.
The U.S. Congress passed the management of mercury batteries and to facilitate Act in 1996 for manufacturers of batteries and products to collect and recycle Ni-Cd and certain small sealedLead-acid batteries. For these regulated batteries required by the act as follows:
Bullet Batteries must be easily removable to facilitate consumer goods, in order to recover for recycling.
bullet battery label the battery chemistry, three chasing arrows "icon, and a sentence indicating that the user has to recycle or dispose of the battery.
National bullet uniform collection, storage and transportation ofBatteries.
projectile during the use of certain mercury-containing batteries.
The nature and use of household batteries
Lead Acid Batteries
Nearly 90 percent of all lead-acid batteries are recycled. Almost all retailers that sell lead-acid batteries collects used batteries for recycling, as most laws are necessary. Repeaters destroy cut into pieces the nickel-enterprises and separate the plastic components. They send the plastic to produce a processorlead to new plastic products and deliver purified for battery manufacturers and other industries. A typical lead-acid battery contains 60-80 percent recycled lead and plastic.
non-automotive lead-acid batteries
Gel cells and sealed lead acid batteries are usually the industrial power, lighting and alarm systems. The recycling process is the same with car batteries. An automotive store or a local authority may accept waste batteries forRecycling.
Budget Batteries - dry cell batteries
dry cell batteries containing alkaline and carbon zinc (9-volt, D, C, AA, AAA), mercuric oxide (key and some cylindrical and rectangular), silver oxide and zinc-air (button) and lithium (9 volt, C , AA, coin, button, rechargeable). On average each person in the United States discards eight dry-cell batteries per year.
There are two types of batteries:
(1) primary - those that can not be reused and
(2) secondarilycalled "battery" - those that can be reused.
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